Software Application - Classes and Objects are Related
Entities do not exist in isolation. They have some type of relationship with each other. Similarly in c#, the classes in a program can be related to each other. Identifying and establishing relationships between classes is a critical aspect of OOP.
In software application classes and objects are related to each other. They act and react with other classes and objects. Depicting their dynamism in an application makes the application as close as possible to the real world. In the object-oriented approach, objects perform actions in response to messages from other objects defining the receiving objects behavior.
This approach specifies the relationships among classes based on the behavior of individual class.
There are various relationships between objects of different classes in an object-oriented environment.
Different relationships that exist are inheritance, composition, utilization, and instantiation relationship. OOP enables classes to inherit commonly used state and behavior from other classes. Automobile is the super class of a car and a bus. Car and bus inherits attributes and behavior from the automobile. The car, bus and automobile have a relationship where one object is a type of another object. This means that every automobile is not a car.
This type of relationship is known as inheritance. In c# programming, each class is allowed to inherit from one class and each class can be inherited by unlimited number of classes.
In terms of classes, inheritance means that a class may inherit a set of attributes from another class.
A relationship between a super class and it sub classes can be established.
Generalization is needed to create programs that can be customized in accordance with new requirements.
Resilience to change is one of the features of OOP. Adding a new subclass will not affect the existing classes. Therefore, there is no need to add a method show to each subclass because the super class has this method, and the subclasses will inherit the method.
Reusability is another important reason for a programmer to generalize. Generalization is implemented by using an abstract super class, which is a conceptual class. An abstract class does not exist in the real world but acts as a base from which other classes inherit properties. Generalization ensures that all subclasses have a consistent interface.
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Consider the Geometrical Figures class that has several subclasses, such as Square, Triangle, and polygon. The get coordinates function prompts the user to type the values of coordinates.
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